| Installation & Environment |
|
| Difficult installation in buried or flooded chambers |
IP68 / NEMA 6P enclosure (remote sensor up to 10 mH₂O continuous) |
| Complex field wiring |
Compact or remote version with factory-mounted cables (5–30 m) |
| No reliable mains power available |
Internal 3.6 V D-cell battery, external battery pack, or 12–24 V AC/DC / 115–230 V AC with battery backup |
| Limited installation space |
Compact integral stainless steel housing (AISI 316 top, coated brass bottom) |
| Measurement Accuracy & Performance |
|
| Revenue loss due to inaccuracy |
Standard calibration ±0.4% of rate ±2 mm/s |
| Requirement for high-accuracy billing |
Extended calibration ±0.2% of rate ±2 mm/s |
| Poor low-flow measurement |
Low-flow cut-off 15 mm/s (accuracy warranted above this velocity) |
| Pressure drop affecting system efficiency |
Electromagnetic measuring principle with negligible pressure loss |
| Reverse flow conditions in network |
Bi-directional flow measurement |
| Battery Life & Power Management |
|
| Frequent battery replacement |
Up to 6–10 years maintenance-free operation (typical revenue scenario) |
| Battery life affected by temperature |
Temperature-compensated battery capacity calculation |
| Uncertainty of remaining battery life |
Remaining capacity calculated every 4 hours |
| Communication reducing battery lifetime |
Defined battery lifetime scenarios (e.g., 3–4 years with daily wireless transmission on 2 D-cell pack) |
| Communication & Data Handling |
|
| Manual meter reading required |
Internal data logger (26 selectable records: daily/weekly/monthly) |
| No remote access capability |
Optional RS232, RS485 (Modbus RTU), Encoder (Sensus), 3G/UMTS, IIoT wireless modules |
| Limited integration with SCADA/AMR |
Modbus RTU protocol support |
| Limited on-site diagnostics visibility |
Graphical display with status symbols and alarm indication |
| Diagnostics & Reliability |
|
| Undetected meter faults |
Continuous self-diagnostics (coil current, signal input, electrode impedance) |
| Installation-related signal disturbances |
Insulation test and verification mode |
| Leakage detection requirement |
Leakage monitoring (Advanced version) |
| Risk of data loss |
EEPROM storage with periodic automatic backup |
| Compliance & Certification |
|
| Regulatory approval for custody transfer |
OIML R 49 / MI-001 (CT version) |
| Fire protection system approval |
FM Fire Service Approval (Class 1044) |
| Drinking water compliance requirements |
NSF/ANSI 61, WRAS, ACS, DVGW W270, AS/NZS 4020 |
| Pressure equipment compliance |
PED 2014/68/EU conformity |
| Need for traceable calibration |
ISO 17025 accredited calibration (ILAC MRA recognition) |
